Passing: If they're making a genuine attempt to take the ball (and they're not offside) it's not a penalty. But if they deliberately hit the ball away to disrupt the play then it's a penalty and maybe a yellow card.
Rucking: They are allowed to rake the ball out of the ruck and if they get the player too then that's fine as the player will be on the wrong side of the ruck so it's his own fault. Basically if you play rugby get out of a ruck ASAP if you're a back
Correct me if I'm wrong
